Sentence Structure

Subject

This is usually the first part of a sentence. It tells you what the sentence is about.

• Example 1: Cats love to chase mice.
• Example 2: He dances gracefully.
• Example 3: Jo goes to school every day.

Verb

The part of speech that describes what is happening or a state of being.

• Example 1: Birds sing.
• Example 2: He is a talented musician.
• Example 3: They have a pet rabbit.

Object

The part of a sentence that is affected by the action of the verb.

• Example 1: The cat caught the mouse.
• Example 2: They enjoy playing football.
• Example 3: She loves chocolate.

Noun

A word for a person, place, thing or idea. It can be a subject or an object in a sentence.

• Example 1: The dog barked loudly.
• Example 2: Paris is a beautiful city.
• Example 3: I want to write a book.

Adjective

A word that describes a noun or pronoun.

• Example 1: The red apple is mine.
• Example 2: She is a brilliant student.
• Example 3: It was a cold winter's night.

Adverb

A word that describes a verb.

• Example 1: She runs quickly.
• Example 2: The story ended suddenly.
• Example 3: He speaks softly.

Pronoun

A word that takes the place of a noun, to avoid repeating it.

• Example 1: She is my best friend.
• Example 2: The books are heavy, so carry them carefully.
• Example 3: We are going to the movies.

Article

A small word that comes before a noun and tells you whether it is specific or general.

• Example 1: A cat sat on the roof.
• Example 2: She is an artist.
• Example 3: The sun sets in the west.

Preposition

A word that shows the relationship between nouns in a sentence.

• Example 1: The cat sat on the table.
• Example 2: They walked through the park.
• Example 3: He is in the shop.

Conjunction

A word that is used to connect two sections of a sentence.

• Example 1: I wanted to buy a dress, but I didn't have enough money.
• Example 2: She was tired, so she went to bed early.
• Example 3: I like both chocolate and vanilla.

I have explained the rules in a simple way. This means that, in real life, you will find there is more to them, but this should give you a good start!